• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    POCO TOOLS A drilling tool 2 usable in a well casing to drill the well casing is described. The drilling tool 2 comprises an activating element 4 disposed in the body 6 where the activating element is movable with respect to the body 6 to move at least one working element 8 between and the retracted condition inward and an unfolded condition outwardly with respect to the body 6. A plurality of pistons 10 is arranged to move the activating element 4 with respect to the body 6, each said piston 10 being arranged in a respective pressure chamber 12 arranged to be filled with the fluid in response to a increase in fluid pressure in the body 6
    公开号:BR112013018145B1
    申请号:R112013018145-1
    申请日:2012-01-12
    公开日:2021-02-23
    发明作者:Paul Bernard Lee
    申请人:Paul Bernard Lee；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The present invention relates to a drilling tool for drilling a casing column and refers to a obturator for providing an annular seal in a well bore. The present invention relates particularly, but not exclusively, to a working column within a well incorporating such a drilling tool and / or filling apparatus and to a method of completing a hydrocarbon well using such a working column.
    [002] In most oil and gas wells, the steel liner is passed through the production zone as a conduit to maintain formation and prevent it from falling into the well. In order to produce oil and / or gas from the well, the coating must be drilled so that the production fluid can enter the well and be extracted. The most common technique for drilling a coating column is to use explosives and to create holes in the coating at predetermined intervals. However, it is desirable to be able to drill through a coating column in a more controlled and reliable manner.
    [003] It is also desirable to provide a reliable and susceptible method of reproducing fractures of the formations to allow the production of oil and gas once the well lining has been drilled. To accomplish this, it is desirable to provide a filling device that allows the sections of the perforated well linings to be reliably insulated and sealed to allow hydraulic fracture to occur.
    [004] The preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to overcome the disadvantages above the prior art.
    [005] In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a drilling tool is provided for drilling a casing column, the tool comprising: a body disposed in a casing column and at least one movable cutter block with respect to the body between an inwardly retracted condition and an outwardly unfolded condition to cut a perforation in the well casing; an activation element disposed in the body, where the activation element is movable with respect to the body to move at least one said cutter block between the inwardly retracted condition and the outwardly unfolded condition with respect to the body; a plurality of pistons arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, each said piston being disposed in a respective pressure chamber; and where the activation element defines a hole arranged along a longitudinal geometric axis of the body, and where a plurality of holes are formed in the activation element to allow fluid to flow from the hole to each said pressure chamber so that a increase in fluid pressure in the body increase the fluid pressure in each said pressure chamber to move each one of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body.
    [006] This provides the advantage of a drilling tool that can be used to reliably cut perforations through a casing column. This is advantageous since when a liner is placed in a well hole, and particularly in long horizontal well holes through tight formations, there is generally only a very small diameter, usually less than 10 cm, available for a well tool. As a result, there is a lack of hydraulic working area available in the pit tool to provide a force to move parts.
    [007] Consequently, the provision of a plurality of pistons arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, each said piston being arranged in a respective pressure chamber arranged in order to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in pressure of fluid in the body to move each of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body increases the force available to the operator who provides a tool capable of drilling a well. This, therefore, allows the operator to use a well tool instead of explosives to drill the casing column during completion operations.
    [008] By providing an activation element defining a hole arranged along a longitudinal geometric axis of the body, and where a plurality of holes are formed in the activation element to allow fluid to flow from the hole to each said pressure chamber This also provides a compact arrangement that can fit within the boundaries of a casing column to allow a plurality of pressure chambers to increase the force available to the operator for a given fluid pressure.
    [009] In a preferred mode, each said piston is arranged concentrically around the activation element.
    [010] This provides the advantage of helping to allow the location of a plurality of pressure chambers in a bore tool used in small diameter well casings to increase the workforce available to the operator.
    [011] In the preferred embodiment, each said pressure chamber defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the activation element.
    [012] This provides the advantage of helping to locate a plurality of pressure chambers in a bore tool used in small diameter well linings to increase the workforce available to the operator.
    [013] Each said pressure chamber may additionally comprise a stationary seal ring to provide a body seal for the respective pressure chamber.
    [014] The tool may additionally comprise a plurality of annular pressurization holes formed through the body adjacent to each said pressure chamber to allow each said piston to move with respect to the body.
    [015] In a preferred embodiment, at least one said cutter block slides along an inclined path to move between the inwardly retracted condition and the outwardly folded condition, where the inclined path is inclined with respect to a longitudinal geometric axis of the body so that the retraction of the tool up and out of the coating column in which it is located pushes at least one said cutter block into the retracted condition inward.
    [016] This provides the advantage of minimizing the likelihood that the drilling tool will get stuck in the casing column. Since the action of pulling the drill tool out of the well will push the cutter blocks along the inclined pathways and into the body, there is little chance that the drill tool will get stuck with the cutter blocks in the unfolded out condition. This also provides the advantage that the cutter blocks can be manufactured to a relatively large length. This allows large perforations to be created in the casing column and can therefore prevent the requirement to pump acid down through the well hole to break the casing cement after a drilling operation.
    [017] In a preferred embodiment, the tool additionally comprises at least one drive element arranged on the activation element to push at least one said cutter block along the inclined path in response to the movement of the activation element.
    [018] The tool may additionally comprise a floating piston arranged in the hole, where the hole is filled with oil or other working fluid and the floating piston is movable in the hole to change the oil pressure or other working fluid to cause movement of the activation element.
    [019] This provides the advantage that if the drilling tool is used on a work column that conducts the hydraulic fracture operations of the formation in which the coating column is located, the floating piston prevents fracture sand and debris enter the inside diameter of the drilling tool. This keeps the internal diameter of the drilling tool relatively clean and reduces the likelihood of malfunction as a result of interference from debris on the internal moving parts of the drilling tool.
    [020] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method of drilling a coating column is provided, the method comprising the use of a drilling tool as defined above to form a plurality of perforations through a coating column in use.
    [021] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a well working column is provided comprising: a drilling tool as defined above; and at least one cup-type tool disposed on the work column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [022] This provides the advantage that the working column can first be used to drill the casing column and the column can then be lowered to position the cup tool or tools below the perforated section of the casing column. With the working column in this position, a high pressure pumping of hydraulic fracture fluid can be initiated from the surface between the liner and the working column in an annular configuration, or if a second cup-like tool is used, through the internal diameter of the working column using a nozzle to conduct a hydraulic fracture operation.
    [023] This also provides the advantage that if the pumping pressure is high enough the cutter blocks of the drilling tool are developed into the casing column to anchor the working column in place during the fracture operation. This allows for the isolation of a well hole that is exposed to high pressure and can therefore reduce the amount of fracture fluid needed. Consequently, it can be seen that this provides a highly advantageous working column that simplifies completion operations.
    [024] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a work column is provided within a hole comprising: a drilling tool as defined above; and at least one obturator device disposed on the work column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [025] This provides the advantage that the working column can first be used to pierce the lining column and the column can then be lowered to the position of at least one obturator below the perforated section of the lining column. With the working column in this position, high-pressure pumping of the hydraulic fracture fluid can be initiated from the surface between the liner and the working column in an annular configuration, or if a second filling device is used, across the diameter internal working column using a nozzle to conduct a hydraulic fracture operation.
    [026] This also provides the advantage that if the pumping pressure is high enough, the cutter blocks of the drilling tool will be developed into the casing column to anchor the working column in position during the fracture operation. This allows for the isolation of a well hole that is exposed to high pressure and can therefore reduce the amount of fracture fluid needed. Consequently, it can be seen that this provides a highly advantageous working column that simplifies completion operations.
    [027] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method of completing a hydrocarbon well is provided in which a coating column can be disposed, the method comprising: the use of the drilling tool of a working column as defined above to form a plurality of perforations through the coating column in use; lowering the working column to position at least one of said cup-like tool or obturator apparatus adjacent to the plurality of perforations; and pumping the fracture fluid down the hydrocarbon well to fracture the formation in use.
    [028] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a obturator apparatus is provided to provide an annular seal in a downhole lining column or an open well, the apparatus comprising: a body disposed in a lining column; an activation element mounted on the body, where the activation element is movable with respect to the body to deform an elastomeric obturator element outwardly with respect to the body to form an annular seal in a coating column in use; and a plurality of pistons arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, each of said pistons defining a respective pressure element arranged to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the body to move each one of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body.
    [029] This provides the advantage of a filling device that has a deformable elastomeric filling element that is deformable outwards to form an annular seal in a coating column for use in fracture and similar operations.
    [030] By providing a plurality of pistons arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, where each said piston defines a respective pressure chamber arranged in order to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the body to move each of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body, this provides the advantage that the force that can be exerted on the plug element can be increased, particularly in coatings having a small diameter, to ensure that a reliable seal is formed. This helps to ensure the integrity of the plug seal.
    [031] In a preferred embodiment, the body comprises a cylindrical element having an internal hole defining a longitudinal geometric axis, and where each said piston is mounted concentric to the body so that a plurality of ports formed in the body allow the fluid flow from the hole to each said pressure chamber.
    [032] This provides the advantage that the device is modular and that additional pistons can be added if more force is needed. By mounting the pistons concentric to the cylindrical body, it is actually the outer casing of the tool that moves with respect to the body and additional pistons can be stacked on the body if more force is needed. This provides a versatile and adaptable obturator.
    [033] In a preferred embodiment, each said pressure chamber defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the body.
    [034] This provides the advantage of providing a compact layout.
    [035] Each said pressure chamber may additionally comprise a stationary seal ring to provide a body seal for the respective pressure chamber.
    [036] The activation element may comprise a ramp adapted to slide under and deform out of part of said elastomeric obturator element.
    [037] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of providing an annular seal in a casing column or an open well, the method comprising the use of a obturator as defined above.
    [038] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a borework column is provided comprising: a drilling tool as defined above; and at least one obturator device as defined above disposed in the working column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [039] This provides the advantage that the working column can first be used to pierce the lining column and the column can then be lowered to position at least one obturator below the perforated section of the lining column. With the working column in this position, the high pressure pumping of the hydraulic fracturing fluid can be initiated from the surface between the liner and the working column in an annular configuration, or if a second filling device is used, across the diameter internal working column using a nozzle to conduct a hydraulic fracture operation.
    [040] This also provides the advantage that if the pumping pressure is high enough, the cutter blocks of the drilling tool are still developed within the casing column to anchor the working column in position during the fracture operation. This allows for the isolation of a well hole that is exposed to high pressure and can therefore reduce the amount of fracture fluid needed. Consequently, it can be seen that this provides a highly advantageous working column that simplifies completion operations.
    [041] In accordance with an additional aspect of the present invention, a method of completing a hydrocarbon well is provided in which a coating column has been disposed, the method comprising: the use of a drilling tool for a working column as defined above to form a plurality of perforations through the coating column in use; lowering the working column to position at least one of said obturator apparatus adjacent to the plurality of perforations; and pumping fracture fluid downwardly through the hydrocarbon well to activate the obturator apparatus to form an annular seal in the well and fracture the formation in use.
    [042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, and not in any limiting sense, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tool for drilling a first embodiment of the present invention illustrating the cutter blocks in the retracted inward condition; Figure 1B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the drilling tool of Figure 1A illustrating the cutter blocks in the unfolded out condition; Figure 2A is a side view of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B illustrating the cutter blocks in the retracted inward condition; Figure 2B is a side view of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B illustrating the cutter blocks in the unfolded out condition; Figure 3A is a perspective view of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B illustrating the cutter blocks in the retracted inward condition; Figure 3B is a perspective view of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B illustrating the cutter blocks in the unfolded out condition; Figure 4 is an end view of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B illustrating the cutter blocks in the unfolded out condition; Figure 5A is a longitudinal cross-sectional approach of the valve assembly of a drilling tool of figures 1 to 4; Figure 5B is a cross-sectional perspective view corresponding to Figure 5A; Figure 6A is a longitudinal cross-sectional approach of the return spring assembly and drive element of the drilling tool of figures 1A and 1B; Figure 6B is a perspective view corresponding to figure 6A; Figure 7A is a longitudinal cross-section of the drilling tool of Figure 1A comprising a floating piston; Figure 7B is a longitudinal cross-section corresponding to figure 7A illustrating the movement of the floating piston to develop the cutter blocks; Figure 8 is a side view of a cup-like tool; Figure 9 is a longitudinal cross-section of a perforated casing column illustrating the cup-like tool of figure 8 arranged on a working column; Figure 10A is a longitudinal cross section of a working column comprising the drilling tool of figures 7A and 7B located below a cup-like tool in a perforated casing column; Figure 10B is a longitudinal cross section corresponding to figure 10A where the cutter blocks are developed outwardly to pierce the coating column and provide an anchor for the working column in the coating column; Figure 11 is a longitudinal cross section of a working column using two cup-type tools to allow hydraulic fracture to be carried out through the internal diameter of the working column; Figure 12 is an approximate cross-sectional view of the two cup-type tools located in the working column of Figure 11; Figure 13 is a longitudinal cross-section corresponding to figure 12; Figure 14A is a longitudinal cross section of a obturator for providing an annular seal in a coating column in which the elastomeric obturator element is shown in the undeformed condition; Figure 14B is a longitudinal cross section of the obturator of Figure 14A where the obturator element is deformed outside; Figure 15A is a side view of the obturator in the condition of figure 14A; Figure 15B is a side view of the obturator in the condition of figure 14B; Figure 16A is a cross-section in perspective corresponding to Figure 14A; Figure 16B is a perspective view of the obturator apparatus illustrating the outwardly deformed obturator element; Figure 17 is a longitudinal cross section of a working column in which the drilling tool of figures 7A and 7B and two obturator devices of figures 4 to 16 are incorporated; Fig. 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the filling devices of the working column of Fig. 17 illustrating a nozzle for use in fracture operations; Figure 19A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a working column section using two obturator devices in a well drilled in an open formation; Figure 19B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view corresponding to Figure 19A where the closure elements are deformed outwardly to form a seal in the open formation; Figure 20A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a obturator apparatus; Figure 20B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a obturator of Figure 20A illustrating the outwardly deformed obturator element; Figure 21A is a cross-section in perspective corresponding to figure 20A; and Figure 22 is a cross-section in perspective corresponding to figure 20B. Drilling Tool
    [043] With reference to figures 1 to 4, a drilling tool 2 for drilling a downhole lining column 3 (figures 10A and 10B) comprises a body 6 disposed in a lining column and at least one block cutter 8 movable with respect to the body between an inwardly retracted condition as shown in figure 1A and an outwardly unfolded condition as illustrated in figure 1B to cut a perforation 5 (figures 10A and 10B) in the casing column 3.
    [044] An activating element 4 is disposed on the body 6, where the activating element 4 is movable with respect to the body 6 to move at least one said cutter block 8 between the retracted inward condition and the unfolded outward condition with respect to to the body. A plurality of pistons 10 are arranged to move the activating element 4 with respect to the body. Each piston 10 is arranged in a respective pressure chamber 12 arranged to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the body 6 to move each one of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and to cause the element of activation 4 move with respect to the body.
    [045] The activation element defines a hole 18 arranged along a longitudinal geometric axis of the body. A plurality of orifices 42 are formed in the activation element to allow fluid to flow from the hole to each said pressure chamber so that an increase in fluid pressure in the body increases the fluid pressure in each said pressure chamber to move each one of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body.
    [046] As will be familiar to those skilled in the art, the body 6 is formed from a plurality of interconnected nozzles 6a, 6b, and 6c to form a drilling tool 2 that can be interconnected in a work column from within the rock bottom. The activating element 4 comprises an interconnected mandrel with a plurality of lengths of tubing 14 interconnected with each respective piston 10. The tubing 14 forms a plurality of interconnected piston rods. In this way, the length of the activating element 4 can be modified although the activating element 4 and the pipe lengths 14 can be formed from a single pipe length instead of a plurality of interconnected pipe lengths.
    [047] The activating element 4 defines a hole 18 arranged along the longitudinal geometric axis of the body 6. Hole 8 is arranged in order to be filled with the fluid pumped from the surface when tool 2 is arranged inside the hole in a coating column. In order to allow the hole 18 to be filled with fluid, a valve assembly 20 is disposed in the lower part of the tool 2. With reference to figures 5A and 5B, the valve assembly 20 comprises a piston 22 arranged to move against the spiral spring orientation 24 to seal against valve seat 26 in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the tool. The valve is illustrated in the open condition in figures 5A and 5B.
    [048] The cutter blocks 8 each have a respective sharp edge 16 which is arranged to be driven within a coating column to perforate the coating column. The cutter blocks or other work elements 8 are provided with a plurality of inclined tracks 28 (figure 2B) which are slidable in a plurality of corresponding inclined tracks 30 (figure 1B) formed in the body 6. respective inclined tracks 28 and 30 define a inclined path that allows the working element 8 to slide between the conditions retracted inwards and unfolded outwards. The actuating element 4 comprises a recess 32 in which an actuating element 34 is located. Consequently, when the actuating element 4 moves to the left in figures 1A and 1B, the actuating element 34 is moved to the left which pushes the cutter block 8 to the left so that the paths 28 of the cutter blocks 8 slide to the left. upwardly through the pathways 30 of the body 6 to move the cutter block 8 to the unfolded out condition to drive the edge 16 into the casing column (not shown) to pierce the casing column.
    [049] A return spring 36 is provided to return the cutter block 8 to the inwardly retracted condition when fluid pressure is reduced in hole 18. To further assist the cutter blocks to move back to the inwardly retracted condition , the inclined track 28, 30 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the body so that the retraction of the tool 2 upwards and out of the coating column in which it is located pushes the cutter blocks 8 into the retracted condition inward .
    [050] With reference to figures 1A, 1B and 5A, each pressure chamber 12 is defined at one end by piston 10 and at an opposite end by a stationary seal 38 which is fixed with respect to body 6 by threaded fasteners 40. Each pressure chamber 12 is in fluid communication with hole 18 through the plurality of holes 42 formed in the tubing 14 that forms part of the activating element 4. Consequently, when the fluid pressure in hole 18 increases, the fluid flows through the holes 42 and into the pressure chamber 12, pushing each piston 10 to the left as can be seen in the movement of figures 1A to 1B. A plurality of annular pressure orifices 44 is formed through the body 6 adjacent to each pressure chamber 12 to allow the pistons to move relative to the body 6. In particular, the fluid is exhausted through the pressurizing annular orifices 44 when the pistons move.
    [051] It can be seen from the drawings that each piston 10 is arranged concentric around the activation element 4, 14 and each pressure layer defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the activation element. This provides a compact and convenient arrangement for increasing the strength available to the operator.
    [052] With reference to figures 1 to 6 and 10, the operation of the downhole tool 2 to drill a coating column will now be described.
    [053] The downhole tool 2 is located in a casing column 3 to be drilled with the cutter blocks 8 in the configuration in which they are retracted inwardly with respect to the body 6 as illustrated in figure 1A. An operator on the surface then pumps the fluid down the column in which the downhole tool 2 is located, so that the fluid moves into the hole 18. This drives the plunger 22 of the valve assembly 20 against the seat 26 Hole 18 therefore fills with fluid and the fluid pressure increases in response to additional pumping from the surface.
    [054] This causes fluid 18 to move through orifices 42 and into pressure chambers 12. When pressure in chambers 12 increases, pistons 10 are driven to the left or even above with respect to the well bore that moves the activating element 4, the driving element 34 and pushes the cutter element 8 along the tracks 30 to the unfolded condition as illustrated in figure 1B. This drives the edge 16 into the inner surface of the coating column to pierce the coating column. If each of the pistons 12 is 12.9 cm2, using four pressure chambers 12 as illustrated, tool 2 has an area of 51.61 cm2 and this creates enough force to push the activating element 4 of the cutter block 8 out to cut or puncture the liner.
    [055] When the fluid pressure is removed, the return spring 36 pushes the actuating element 4 and therefore the pistons 10 downwards to return the working elements 8 to the retracted inward position. Alternatively, tool 2 can be used without a return spring 36 since the retraction action of tool 2 out of the casing column can return the cutter blocks 8 to the inwardly retracted condition.
    [056] With reference to figures 7A and 7B, a further improvement can be made to the drilling tool by adding a floating piston 50 disposed in the upper part of the hole 18. The upper part of the hole 18 is disposed in the upper nozzle 6a. A plug 52 is mounted at the lowest extension of hole 18. This effectively seals the bottom end of hole 18. Hole 18 is also filled with oil or other working fluid and the movement of the floating piston 50 down as illustrated in the movement of the figures 7A to 7B increase the oil pressure in hole 18 to cause the cutter blocks to move outward as described above. In the upper part 19 of the hole, a different fluid is used to apply pressure to the floating piston 50. By supplying oil in the hole 18, sealed at one end by the plug 52 and at the other by the floating piston 50, the internal diameter of the tool 2 can be kept clean. This also helps to prevent debris from moving into the working parts of the drilling tool 2.
    [057] With reference to figures 10A and 10B, a downhole working column 60 is located in a casing column 3 and comprises a drilling tool 2 as described above and a cup-like tool 62 as illustrated in figures 8 and 9. The drilling tool 2 comprises a floating piston 50 to increase the oil pressure in hole 18.
    [058] With reference to figures 8 and 9, the cup-like tool 62 is formed from a working column nozzle 64 to which a plurality of annular electromeric cup-like elements 66 is mounted. Cup-like elements 66 define recesses 68 within which the hydraulic fracturing fluid is forced under pressure to form an annular seal between cup-like elements 66 and the liner 3. The interconnection of downhole working column elements will be familiar those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail here.
    [059] With reference to figures 8 to 10B, a method of completing a hydrocarbon well using a working column comprising the drilling tool 2 and the cup-like tool 62 will be described. First, the working column is lowered by a well in which the liner 3 has been installed. A drilling operation is conducted and comprises increasing the pressure in the floating piston 50 from the surface to repeatedly develop the cutter blocks 8 outwardly to drill the perforations 5 in the casing column 3. The working column is lowered in steps to drill the perforations 5 along a length of the liner 3.
    [060] When the drilling operation has been completed, the formation behind drilling 5 must be fractured in order to allow the production of oil and gas from the well. To accomplish this, the fracture fluid is pumped through the ring 70 defined on the outside of the working column. The fracture fluid settles in the recesses 68 of the cup-like elements 66 of the cup tool 62 to form a seal. The fracture fluid is therefore pumped under pressure through the perforations 5 to cause the fracture of the formation in which the liner 3 is located. Drilling and fracturing operations can be repeated by drilling a section of the liner and then by subsequently lowering the cup-like tool in addition to the perforations and conducting an annular pumping of the fracture fluid.
    [061] It should also be noted that when the fracture fluid is pumped under pressure, the floating piston 50 will be moved downwards to unfold the cutter blocks 8 and pierce the liner 3. This forms an anchor through the cutter blocks 8 anchoring in coating 3. This condition is illustrated in figure 10B.
    [062] With reference to figure 11, an alternative example of a working column comprises the drilling tool 2 mounted on a working column in which two cup-like tools 62 are mounted above and below a nozzle 70 comprising a plurality of holes annular 72. The operation of the working column of figures 11 to 13 is similar to the working column of figures 10A and 10B with the following differences. Once the drilling operation has been completed by the drilling tool 2, the working column is lowered so that one or more perforations 5 in the liner 3 are located between the cup-like elements 66 of the respective cup-like tools 62. The The fracture is then pumped downwardly through the inner hole 74 of the column to the outlet hole 72 under pressure and fractures the formation behind the perforations 5. The respective cup-like tools 62 provide seals above and below the holes 72 to isolate a section of the liner 3. Shutter Device
    [063] With reference to figures 14A to 16B, the obturator apparatus 102 comprises a body 106 disposed in order to be disposed in a covering column. An activating element 104 is mounted on the body 106 where the activating element is movable with respect to the body to deform the elastomeric obturator element 108 outwardly with respect to the body to form an annular seal in a coating column in use.
    [064] A plurality of pistons 110 is arranged to move the activating element 104 with respect to the body. Each piston defines a respective pressure chamber 112 arranged to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in body 106 to move each of the plurality of pistons 110 with respect to body 106 and cause the activation element 104 move with respect to the body.
    [065] It can be seen that the body 106 comprises a cylindrical element having an internal bore 118 arranged to receive the fluid under pressure. Each piston 112 is mounted concentrically on the body 106. A plurality of orifices 142 are formed through the body 106 to allow fluid to flow from the hole 118 into the pressure chambers 112.
    [066] It can be seen, therefore, that each pressure chamber 112 defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the body 106. This configuration allows more pistons 112 to be mounted on the body 106 if necessary to increase the force available to the operator . The respective stationary sealing rings 138 define the opposite ends of the pressure chambers 112. The configuration of the obturator apparatus 102 allows the external housing of the apparatus to be energized by the fluid under pressure instead of an internal mandrel of the shape of the drilling tool of the figures 1A and 1B. A plurality of annular pressurizing orifices 144 is provided to allow the fluid in the well bore to escape to allow the pistons 112 to operate.
    [067] In order to deform the elastomeric plug element 108 outward to form a seal in a casing column, the fluid is pumped downwardly through hole 118. This causes the fluid to move through the holes 142 and into the holes. pressure chambers 112. This pushes the pistons 110 upwardly along the body 106 causing the activating element 104 to deform the elastomeric plug element 108 outward. When fluid pressure is removed from bore 118, a return spring (not shown) or the retraction action of the plug 102 out of the casing column will return the plug element 108 to the undeformed condition as shown in figure 14A.
    [068] An alternative embodiment of the obturator apparatus is illustrated in figures 20 to 22. The obturator apparatus 202 comprises an activating element 204 having an inclination part 207. The inclination part 207 is mounted on piston 210 comprising the pressure chamber 212. Piston activation 210 is achieved in the same way as the obturator 102 and will not be described in any further detail here. It can be seen that the ramp 207 projects under the elastomeric deformable plug element when activated to push the plug element 208 out.
    [069] With reference to figures 17 to 19, a downhole working column usable in the completion of a hydrocarbon well incorporating the drilling tool 2 and two filling devices 102 is illustrated. The working column also comprises a nozzle 70 having holes 72 to allow fracture fluid under pressure along hole 119, the floating piston 50 being actuated and also pistons 110 of the filling devices 108. This allows a fracture operation to be conducted in an isolated part of the liner between the closure elements 108 that form annular seals.
    [070] With reference to figures 19A and 19B, the sealing devices 102 are also particularly suitable for use in open formation 90. The elastomeric deformable sealing elements 108 are suitable for forming a seal on the inner corrugated surface 92 of the open forming hole 90 The nozzle 70 can then be used to conduct an open formation hole fracture operation 90.
    [071] It will be appreciated that those skilled in the art that the modalities described above were by way of example only, and not in any limiting sense, and that various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims .
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    1. Drilling tool (2) to drill a downhole lining column (3), the tool CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: a body (6) arranged in order to be disposed in a lining column and at least one cutter block (8) movable with respect to the body between a retracted inward condition and an unfolded outward condition to cut a perforation in the casing column; an activating element (4) disposed in the body, wherein the activating element is movable with respect to the body to move at least one cutter block between the inwardly retracted condition and the outwardly unfolded condition with respect to the body; a plurality of pistons (10) arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, each of said pistons being disposed in a respective pressure chamber (12); and in which the activating element defines a hole (18) disposed along a longitudinal geometric axis of the body, and in which a plurality of holes (42) are formed in the activating element to allow fluid to flow from the hole for each said pressure chamber so that an increase in fluid pressure in the body increases the fluid pressure in each said pressure chamber to move each of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body.
    [0002]
    2. Tool, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each said piston is arranged concentrically around the activation element.
    [0003]
    3. Tool, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each said pressure chamber defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the activation element.
    [0004]
    4. Tool according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED in that each said pressure chamber additionally comprises a stationary seal ring (38) to provide a body seal for the respective pressure chamber.
    [0005]
    5. Tool, according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it additionally comprises one or more of the following resources: a) a plurality of annular pressurizing orifices (44) formed through the body adjacent to each said pressure chamber for allow each said piston to move with respect to the body; b) in which at least one said cutter block is slidably movable along an inclined path (28, 30) to be movable between the inwardly retracted condition and the outwardly folded condition, wherein the inclined pathway is inclined in in relation to a longitudinal geometric axis of the body, so that when pulling the tool upwards out of the coating column in which it is located, push at least one said cutter block to the retracted condition inward; or c) a floating piston (50) arranged in the hole, where the hole is filled with oil or other working fluid and the floating piston is movable in the hole to change the pressure of the oil or other working fluid to cause movement of the element activation.
    [0006]
    6. Tool according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it additionally comprises at least one drive element (34) disposed in the activation element to push at least one said cutter block along the inclined path in response to the movement of the element activation.
    [0007]
    7. Method for drilling a coating column (3), the method CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the use of a drilling tool (2), as defined in any of the preceding claims, to form a plurality of perforations through a coating column in use.
    [0008]
    8. Downhole work column (60), CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: a drilling tool (2) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6; and at least one cup-like tool (62) disposed on the work column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [0009]
    9. Downhole work column, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: a drilling tool (2), as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6; and at least one obturator device disposed on the work column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [0010]
    10. Method of completing a hydrocarbon well in which a coating column has been laid, the method CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: the use of the drilling tool (2) of a working column, as defined in claim 8 or 9 for forming a plurality of perforations through the coating column in use; lowering the working column to position at least one said cup-like tool or filling device adjacent to the plurality of perforations; and pumping fracture fluid down through the hydrocarbon well to fracture the formation in use.
    [0011]
    11. Downhole work column comprising: a drilling tool (2), as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6; and at least one obturator apparatus (102) comprising: a body (106) arranged to be arranged in a coating column; an activating element (104) mounted on the body, wherein the activating element is movable with respect to the body to deform an elastomeric plug element (108) outwardly with respect to the body to form an annular seal in a coating column in use ; and CHARACTERIZED by a plurality of pistons (110) being arranged to move the activating element with respect to the body, each said piston defining a respective pressure chamber (112) arranged to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the body to move each one of the plurality of pistons with respect to the body and cause the activation element to move with respect to the body, in which when the fluid pressure is reduced in the body, the activation element is able to move move to return the elastomeric plug element to an undeformed condition; said shutter device being disposed in the work column at a location above the drilling tool in use.
    [0012]
    12. Method of completing a hydrocarbon well in which a coating column has been laid, the method CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: the use of the drilling tool (102) of a working column, as defined in claim 11, to form a plurality of perforations through the coating column in use; lowering the working column to the position in which at least one said obturator apparatus (102), as defined in claim 11, is located adjacent to the plurality of perforations; and pumping the fracture fluid down through the hydrocarbon well to activate the obturator apparatus to form an annular seal in the well and fracture the formation in use.
    [0013]
    13. Blanking apparatus (102) for providing an annular seal in a downhole casing column or in an open pit, the apparatus comprising: a body (106) arranged to be arranged in a casing column; an activation element (104) mounted on the body, wherein the activation element is movable with respect to the body to deform an elastomeric plug element (108) externally with respect to the body to form an annular seal in a coating column in use; and a plurality of pistons (110) arranged to move the activation element with respect to the body, each of said pistons defining a respective pressure chamber (112) arranged to be filled with fluid in response to an increase in fluid pressure in the body to move each of the plurality of pistons in relation to the body and to cause the activation element to move in relation to the body, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each said piston comprises an annular pressurizing orifice (144) to allow the exhaust of the fluid from the device well during activation of the respective piston.
    [0014]
    14. Apparatus according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the body comprises a cylindrical element having an internal hole (118) defining a longitudinal geometric axis, and in which said piston is mounted concentrically to the body and defines a part of the external housing of the apparatus mountable on another piston defining an additional part of the external housing of the apparatus; and a plurality of holes (142) formed in the body to allow fluid to flow from the hole to each said pressure chamber.
    [0015]
    15. Apparatus, according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each said pressure chamber defines an annular chamber arranged concentrically around the body.
    [0016]
    16. Apparatus according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED in that each said pressure chamber additionally comprises a stationary seal ring (138) to provide a seal with the body for the respective pressure chamber.
    [0017]
    17. Apparatus according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it additionally comprises a plurality of annular pressurizing orifices (144).
    [0018]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 17, CHARACTERIZED in that the activating element (204) comprises a ramp (207) adapted to slide under and deform a part of said elastomeric obturator element.
    [0019]
    19. Downhole work column, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: a first obturator device, as defined in any one of claims 13 to 18; a second obturator apparatus, as defined in any one of claims 13 to 18; and a nozzle (70) comprising holes (72), the nozzle connected between said first and second closure devices.
    [0020]
    20. Method for providing an annular seal in a casing column or in an open pit, the method CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the use of a filling device (102), as defined in any of claims 13 to 19.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CO6771422A2|2013-10-15|
    MX337795B|2016-03-18|
    US9187989B2|2015-11-17|
    US20150267513A1|2015-09-24|
    EP2616625B1|2016-11-16|
    US20180119528A1|2018-05-03|
    EA201592296A1|2016-08-31|
    AU2016228158A1|2016-09-29|
    WO2012098377A3|2013-06-20|
    MX356534B|2018-06-01|
    CN103392050A|2013-11-13|
    EP3002408A1|2016-04-06|
    GB201100975D0|2011-03-09|
    CN105804685B|2019-08-13|
    US9869163B2|2018-01-16|
    US20170037698A1|2017-02-09|
    AU2012208429B2|2016-11-17|
    MX2013008184A|2013-12-16|
    EP3002408B1|2018-12-19|
    CA2824383A1|2012-07-26|
    US10655438B2|2020-05-19|
    EA036582B1|2020-11-26|
    AU2012208429A1|2013-07-18|
    CA2824383C|2019-04-16|
    US20130175035A1|2013-07-11|
    EA201391061A1|2014-03-31|
    WO2012098377A2|2012-07-26|
    AU2016228158B2|2017-06-29|
    EP2616625A2|2013-07-24|
    US9598939B2|2017-03-21|
    CN105804685A|2016-07-27|
    MY167757A|2018-09-24|
    EA024227B1|2016-08-31|
    BR112013018145A2|2016-11-08|
    CN103392050B|2017-05-17|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-10-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-15| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-02-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 12/01/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB1100975.0|2011-01-20|
    GBGB1100975.0A|GB201100975D0|2011-01-20|2011-01-20|Downhole tools|
    PCT/GB2012/050053|WO2012098377A2|2011-01-20|2012-01-12|Downhole tools|
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